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standing, and a good temperament, when the profile of the forehead has two proportionate arches, the lower of which projects.

18. Eyebones with defined, marking, easily delineated, firm arches, I never saw but in noble and in great men. All the ideal antiques have these arches.

19. Square foreheads, that is to say, with extensive temples and firm eyebones, shews circumspection and certainty of character.

20. Perpendicular wrinkles, if natural to the forehead, denote application and power; horizontal wrinkles, and those broken in the middle, or at the extremities, in general negligence, or want of power.

21. Perpendicular, deep indentings, in the bones of the forehead, between the eyebrows, I never met with but in men of sound understanding, and free and noble minds, unless there were some positively contradictory feature.

22. A blue vena frontalis, in the form of a Y, when in an open, smooth, well arched forehead, I have only found in men of extraordinary talents, and of an ardent and generous character.

23. The following are the most indubitable signs of an excellent, a perfectly beautiful and significant, intelligent, and noble forehead.

An exact proportion to the other parts of the countenance. It must equal the nose or the under part of the face in length, that is, onethird.

In breadth, it must either be oval at the top (like the foreheads of mosCof the great men of England) or nearly square.

A freedom from unevenness and wrinkles, yet with the power of wrinkling, when deep in thought, afflicted by pain, or from just indignation.

Above it must retreat, project beneath. The eyebones must be simple, horizontal, and, if seen from above, must present a pure curve.

There should be a small cavity in the centre, from above to below, and traversing the forehead so as to separate into four divisions, which can only be perceptible by a clear descending light.

The skin must be more clear in the forehead than in the other parts of the countenance.

The forehead must every where be composed of such outlines as, if the section of one-third only be viewed, it can scarcely be determined whether the lines are straight or circular.

24. Short, wrinkled, knotty, regular, pressed in one side, and sawcut foreheads, with interesting wrinkles, are incapable of durable friendship.

• 25. Be not discouraged so long as a friend, an enemy, a child, or a brother, though a transgressor, has a good, well proportioned, open forehead; there is still much certainty of improvement, much cause of hope.

CHAP. VIII.

Of the Eyes and Eyebrows.

Blue eyes are generally more significant of weakness, effeminacy, and yielding, than brown and black. True it is, there are many powerful men with blue eyes; but I find more strength, manhood, and thought, combined with brown than with blue. Wherefore does it happen that the Chinese, or the people of the Philippine Islands, are very seldom blue-eyed; and that Europeans only, or the descendants of Europeans, have blue eyes in those countries? This is the more worthy inquiry, because there are no people more effeminate, luxurious, peaceable or indolent, than the Chinese.

Choleric men have eyes of every colour, but more brown, and inclined to green, than blue. This propensity to green is almost a decisive token of ardour, fire, and courage.

I have never met with clear blue eyes in the melancholic, seldom in the choleric; but most in the phlegmatic temperament, which, however, had much activity.

When the under arch described by the upper eyelid is perfectly circular, it always denotes goodness and tenderness, but also fear, timidity, and weakness.

The open eye, not compressed, forming a long, acute angle with the nose, I have but seldom seen, except in acute and understanding persons.

Hitherto I have seen no eye, where the eyelid formed a horizontal line over the pupil, that did not appertain to a very acute, able, subtle man; but be it understood, that I have met with this eye in very worthy men, but men of great penetration and simulation.

Wide, open eyes, with the white seen under the apple, I have often observed in the timid and phlegmatic, and also in the courageous and rash. When compared, however, the fiery, and the feeble, the determined and the undetermined, will easily be distinguished. The former are more firm, more strongly delineated, have less obliquity, have thicker, better cut, but less skinny eyelids.